Thursday, February 12, 2015

Hidden resources - Learning materials in the kitchen and grocery store!


It is always helpful when studying a foreign language to have plenty of examples of the language you are trying to learn along with a translation in a language you already know well.  It's especially helpful if these examples are in the form of sentences or phrases, rather than just isolated words, such as in a dictionary.  That is why, when studying Chinese (a language I am trying to learn), I purchased (in addition to such thing as audio media, dictionaries and flash cards) a Chinese/English dual translation of the Holy Bible, and both a Chinese version and an English version of a well known author's self-help book (see my July 25, 2014 Blog for specific resources I used).


While these resources were excellent for me, you may not feel you are ready for such a high reading level in the target language, or, you may just not be ready to spend the money it takes to buy these books.  Well, you're in luck!  There is a resource readily available that will come with no extra cost to you, and is easy to use at any level.  Look in your kitchen cabinets or your pantry... go to your local grocery store and peruse the shelves... you will find a wealth of resources for learning Spanish!  Translations for English to Spanish are common on American goods these days.  Sometimes one side is fully English and the other is fully Spanish.  These packages can be very useful in helping you to improve your language skills.

Within this post, as well as within the next several weeks, I will give you some tips and exercises that you can do to utilize this "free" resource.  You need to buy groceries anyway, don't you?  You may already have within your house numerous versions of these great learning tools!  If you find your grocery store does not carry as many truly bilingually packaged items as you'd wish, try visiting a grocery store that caters to a Spanish-speaking community or to a diverse population that contains both English and Spanish-speaking families, such as the grocery store I work at part-time:



Of the Buy For Less stores, 3 cater especially to a mixed Spanish speaking/English-speaking population.  This company is only found in Oklahoma, but whatever state you live in, there will likely be stores that at least partially cater to our country's growing Spanish-speaking population.  Some of these stores will even provide you with opportunities to try using some of the Spanish you already know with true native speakers (in the form of store employees).

Even packaging on foods that do not translate everything will often translate part of what is written - take this Campbell's chicken noodle soup can, from my friend's pantry, for instance...

English Directions: Mix soup + 1 Can water.  Microwave: Heat covered, in microwavable bowl on high: 2 1/2 to 3 minutes.  Careful, leave in microwave one minute, then stir. 

Stove: Heat, stirring occasionally.

Caution: Metal edges are sharp.  Recommend use by date on can end.  Promptly refrigerate unused soup in separate container.

Spanish Instrucciones: Mezle la sopa + 1 lata de agua.  Microondas: Caliente, tapada en un tazón apto para microondas en posición alta durante 2 1/2 a 3 minutos.  Con cuidado, deje en el microondas durante un minute, luego revuelva.

Cocina: Caliente, revolviendo ocasionalmente.

Precaución: Los bordes metálicos son filosos.  Se recomienda usar antes de la fecha indicada en la base de la lata.  Refrigere inmediatamente en un recipient separado la sopa que no ha consumido.

As you can see, that includes quite a lot of vocabulary, just in the cooking instructions!  Often, the translator a company hires to translate information on products is better at speaking one language than they are the other.  Be careful - translators do make mistakes and if, while reading product packaging, something seems fishy to you.. it might be mistake.  Look it up in a dictionary, or verb guide, if you wish.  Still, gaining and practicing Spanish vocab and grammar from product packaging can be a great free opportunity!  Also -sometimes Spanish native speakers even make mistakes in their own language - especially spelling mistakes.  This is especially observable on signs in public places (including grocery stores!).  I recommend you use these types of resources for vocabulary learning and practice, not as an authoritative source for learning spelling.  To practice spelling specifically, use a dictionary when the spelling is not obvious by the pronunciation.

Speaking of Spanish language stores, if you are going to be in the Oklahoma City area on the 15th and/or the 22nd of February, 2015, I'm going to be performing at 2 separate Buy For Less locations that do cater to a mixed Spanish and English-speaking population.  I will be there providing some musical entertainment in both English and Spanish.  The shows will be at:



2/15/2015: 1 PM - 3 PM
3701 N MacArthur Blvd, Oklahoma City, OK 73122       


2/22/2015: 1PM - 3 PM
415 SW 59th St, Oklahoma City, OK 73109

I'll be there both dates until 4PM, but the final hour of the show will be a special Randy Newman tribute performance, which will not contain any Spanish - but will be quite entertaining! 


So, come on by and say "hi", get yourself some groceries/"Free" Spanish-learning materials (The back of the packages!), and enjoy some Valentine's Day love songs in two different languages with a little dose of Latin culture!

Before I go, one more of example of a bi-lingual can from my friend's pantry:

Green Gian Whole Kernal Sweet Corn: The name of the product inside is translated as "Maiz Dulce de Granos Enteros".  Some can advertising and weight watchers information is not translated, but all of the "Nutrition Facts" are.  Also, the ingredient list is translated:

Ingredients: Golden Whole Kernal Corn, Water, Salt.

Ingredientes: Granos Enteros de Maiz Dorado, Agua, Sal.

And, as with the previous Chicken Soup can, the preparation instructions are given in both languages:

Stove-Top: Heat just to boiling; drain if desired.

En Estufa: Caliente hasta hervir; escurra si lo desea.

Microwave: Heat in covered microwavable dish on high 2 1/2 to 3 1/2 minutes.  Drain if desired.

Microondas: Caliente en un plato cubierto apto para microondas a temperature alta por 2 1/2 a 3 1/2 minutos.  Escurra se lo desea.

Refrigerate leftovers.

Refrigere el product sobrante.

You can compare the words written on cans to each other, since similar ideas will often be repeated.  You will repeatedly experience the same and similar concepts.  This is very helpful to learning them.  Of course, these are especially helpful in learning the command form of verbs, as well as general vocabulary.  Eventually, you will want to move on to more complex and varied learning materials, but for a while, you can learn much form these items which you already have in your house. 

Later on, you can even find more complicated (yet free) material in the forms of instruction pamphlets and manuals that com with a variety of products you've already purchased for your home or yard, or even your car!





Saturday, January 31, 2015

Using ''se'' to express accidents... (Oops! The keys lost me!!)



Para todos los estudiants de español - ¡FELIZ AÑO NUEVO!  

Today, I'm going to review a quick way of expressing accidents.  In Spanish, there is a way to express that you did something (lost something, broke something, etc.) by accident without having to actually say "on accident." In fact, you basically blame the item that you broke or lost!  Nice!!!  So, instead of "I lost my wallet!"... you pretty much can say "The wallet lost me!" ... and it's understood that you're saying you lost your wallet accidentally.  Here is how you do it...

Let's say you broke a chair... and you want to express to the owner of the chair that you broke it.. well, in this difficult time... you can just tell them in a straightforward manner:


Yo rompí la silla.  ¡LO SIENTO!
(I broke the chair.  I'M SORRY!)


This uses very basic and literal but correct Spanish.  The I'm sorry part expresses that it was an accident... but the first sentence does not.  It simply says that you broke the chair.  However, if you want to make it clear that it was an accident... you use the following combination:

se + (me, te, le, nos, or les) + verb + subject (i. e. the chair)

So, let's break that down.  The first word used is 'se'.  This is going to be part of the verb (romper), which is now going to be connected not the person who accidentally broke the chair, but to the broken or lost item itself (the chair, in this case).  In other words, the chair is doing the breaking... it wasn't your fault!!  It was that rickety old chair! 

The second word is now the indirect object (the subject in the previous example).. this is the person who accidentally breaks the chair.  In our example, it is going to the first person, so we will use 'me'. 

The third word is the verb, which is romper.  In the straightforward example, we conjugated it to say "rompí" (I broke).  In this case, since the verb will be connected to the chair - we will conjugate it in the third person and say "rompió" (it broke). 

Finally, we have what was originally the direct object (the chair)... but now since we are blaming the unfortunate accident on the chair, it becomes the subject.  That's why romper is rompió instead of rompí.  So here's the new sentence:

Se me rompió la silla.
(Meaning: I broke the chair [on accident].)

Remember, the verb must agree with the subject, which is not the thing being broken (or lost, or whatever...).  So, if you broke all the chairs, you would say:


Se me rompieron las sillas.
(Meaning: I broke the chairs [on accident].)

What if you want to say "(He) lost the keys" using this construction???

We start with se:

Se

Then we use the indirect object pronoun (me, te, le, nos or les)... in this case, 'he' is the one accidentally messing stuff up.  So, that would be the third person singular "le"... so we have...

Se le

Next is the verb... it will connect to the subject, which is going to be the keys (since the keys are the ones doing the action - as far as we're concerned anyway).  Thus...

Se le perdieron

And finally, the subject... which is the keys.

Se le perdieron las llaves.

So, aside from giving several examples, that pretty much explains the basic concept.  There is one extra thing to know, however.  If you want to mention the person or persons directly (for example, The Americans broke the machine), you must put an 'a' before the person or persons (because they are the indirect object).  So, we would say...

A los Americanos se les rompió la máquina.


Here are several examples of this concept in action:
  • Se me quemó el pan. (I burned the bread on accident.)
  • Se nos perdieron las llaves.  (We lost the keys on accident.)
  • A Juan se le rompió la television.  (Juan broke the TV on accident.)
  • A los perros se les rompió la ventana.  (The dogs broke the window on accident.)
  • Se me cortó el dedo.  (I cut my finger on accident.)
  • Se nos perdieron los boletos.  (We lost the tickets on accident.)

    Of course, don't forget - if it is done on purpose, you can use the straightforward, literal way of saying it:

    Ellos rompieron la máquina.










Saturday, October 4, 2014

Temporary break from posts

Due to various projects I am working on, including a new site that will specialize in Spanish language films and a new music CD recorded in Spanish, there will not be any new posts until 2015.  Please feel free to check out the other posts.  Beginning in January of 2015, new posts will begin again.  

Friday, July 25, 2014

Suggested Language Learning Materials

Hola estudiantes...

It's been a month since my last post... I've been working on several businesses included a new rock music album (en Español por suspuesto), a new business that will sell Spanish Movies (more blogs to come on those), and of course, the Viper Languages business, which will specialize in language-learning materials.  Speaking of that, many people ask me when they find out I can speak Spanish, what materials I used to learn...

I believe that to really become good and speaking and understanding any language, you will want to use more than just one source (most language-learning companies want you to believe that their product is the only thing you need to learn...).  Even when I eventually complete the Viper Spanish language-learning program, I will recommend to those who purchase it to continue to use dictionaries, books, movies, and even other audio and computer-based materials that will all help the learner become more familiar with the language.

For the past several years, I've also studied Mandarin Chinese... here are the materials that are currently on my desk that I use to study:
  • Book: Streetwise Mandarin Chinese
  • Oxford Chinese/English Dictionary
  • English Version Book: How to Stop Worrying by Dale Carnegie
  • Chinese Version Book:  How to Stop Worrying by Dale Carnegie
  • Three different Chinese novels
  • Lonely Planet Mandarin Audio Pack
  • Several sets of self-created flashcards to learn individual characters
  • Several binders of self-created papers to review learned words
  • The New Testament Chinese Version
  • The Holy Bible Chinese/English Dual Version
So, obviously there are several sources I am currently using to study Chinese.  So, are there any I would recommend for Spanish?  Well, today I'll just recommend one of the materials I used when I first started learning Spanish in 2005.  The first thing I bought was a CD-set called Learn In Your Car .  At first, I didn't actually use it while driving (I lived in Korea and didn't have a car), but just at home - and it helped a lot with its constant repetition, clear pronunciation, and gradual introduction of new words and phrases.

The entire set is a bit expensive, but you can also start with just Level One, which is much more affordable.Click on the above links to read more about this product from Amazon.... I used these CD's for the first year I was learning, in addition to watching lots of Spanish movies, reading easy books (with the English version as well in case I was completely stuck and could not figure out what something meant), and talking to people whenever I could.  I also attended the Spanish Institute of Puebla in Puebla, Mexico, which was obviously very helpful in becoming more fluent in the language.  

The Learn In Your Car CD's that I recommend might not work for every one - but keep trying different things.  I know that the most famous and best marketed product (and also the most expensive) is Rosetta Stone.  I tried their demo and was not a big fan of their methods, but it may work for others.  So, try different things until you come up with a method that works for you.  I also loved to use flashcards (mainly for vocabulary, but sometimes with entire sentences), but lots of people don't.  So, unfortunately, no one can promise any one method will work for every one (even though Language Companies often do).

I hope to continue the language-learning blogs next Friday... and I'll continue to post blogs like these as well recommending different methods from Audio materials to movies and books... have a great day.





Sunday, June 22, 2014

Ser vs. Estar: The Final Round

Ser vs. Estar: The Final Round

This is the third and final lesson on the usage of the verbs ser and estar.  Today, we'll review the first two lessons and then go over a few final examples and have a quick quiz.

REVIEW/REPASO:

Remember, the main difference between ser and estar...

We use ser to refer to an essential or permanent quality...
  • Juan is a terrible person. Juan es una persona horrible.
  • Jorge is from Oklahoma. Jorge es de Oklahoma.
  • They are absolutely insane. Ellos son absolutamente locos.
  • I am an American citizen. Yo soy un ciudadano americano.
We use estar to refer to current or temporary quality...
  • Juan is tired.  Juan está cansado.
  • Jorge is not talking [right now].  Jorge está callado.
  • They are looking pretty.  Ellas están guapas.
  • I am doing well.  Yo estoy bien.
One confusing situation is the verb "to die," which seems quite permanent.  Nevertheless, "estar" is used....
  • Miguel is dead.  Miguel está muerto.
Estar also refers to geographical locations...
  • She's in Mexico.  Ella está en México.
...except when you wish to refer to an event taking place...
  • The party's at my house.  La fiesta es en mi casa.
Any time the verb is followed with a noun, use ser...
  • She is a lawyer.  Ella es una abogada.  
Idiomatic expressions tend to use estar...
  • to be in a good mood - estar de buen humor
  • to be in a bad mood - estar de mal humor
  • to be in agreement with - estar de acuerdo con
  • to feel like - estar con ganas de 
  • to be running behind - estar atrasado/a
  • to be fed up with - estar harto/a
QUIZ:

Read the following sentences, filling in the blank area with a conjugated version of either ser or estar... the English translation is added for extra assistance if necessary. (An answer key will be provided below the quiz, so after taking the quiz you may check your answers).

1. María trabajó toda la noche.  Ella ______ muy cansada.

Maria worked all night.  She is very tired.

2. Creo que te va gustar; él ____ muy guapo.

I think you're going to like him.  He is very handsome.

3. Creo que la reunión _____ en la oficina del Miguel.

I think the meeting is at Mike's office.
4. No me hables hoy.  Yo ______ de mal humor.

Don't talk to me.  I'm in a bad mood.
5. No te preocupes.  Yo  ______ un médico. 

Don't worry.  I'm a doctor.

6. Ella _____ corriendo muy despacio.

She is running very slowly.

7. Nosotros ________ hartos con su comportamiento.


We are fed up with his behavior.

8. El carro ______ en el garaje.

The car is in the garage.

9. Lo siento.... tu amigo ______ muerto.

I'm sorry...your friend is dead.

10. Yo ______ tu padre.


I am your father.

ANSWERS/RESPUESTAS:

1. está
2. es
3. es
4. estoy
5. soy
6. está
7. estamos
8. está
9. está
10. soy 

Did you miss any?  Be sure to practice saying the correct version of the sentences you missed.  Also, practice saying any of the others that you may forget later and any that did not come easy.  Saying the sentences aloud will be helpful!

Saturday, June 14, 2014

Ser vs. Estar: Round 2

 Ser vs. Estar 

Last week, we talked about the main difference between ser and estar: ser normally refers to essential and permanent qualities while estar refers to a more temporary and current condition.  However, there is a little more to it than just that when using these verbs.  Here are some more rules regarding the usage of ser and estar...

1. For geographical or physical locations, use estar...
  • Yo estoy en mi casa... ¿dónde estás tú? (I'm at my house.. where are you?)
  • No sé dónde está mi carro... lo dejé aquí. (I don't know where my car is.. I left it here)
  • Tulsa está en Oklahoma. (Tulsa is in Oklahoma.)
  • Mis llaves no están en la mesa ni en mi cuarto. (My keys are not on the table nor in my room.)
2. If the location refers to an EVENT that is taking place, use ser...
  • La fiesta es en la casa de Juan. (The party is at Juan's house.)
  • La reunion es en la oficina de Melissa. (The meeting is in Melissa's office.)
3. Estar is used in many idomatic expressions... 

(see my previous blog called ESTAR:  IDOMATIC EXPRESSIONS) Examples from that blog are....
  • To be in a good mood - estar de buen humor
  • To be in a bad mood - estar de mal humor
  • to be in agreement with - estar de acuerdo con
  • to feel like - estar con ganas de 
  • to be running behind - estar atrasado/a
  • to be fed up with - estar harto/a
4. To expression a condition (how some one or something is doing), use estar... 

  • ¿Cómo está la sopa? (How's the soup?)
  • Miguel está muy bien pero cansado. (Miguel is very well but tired.)
  • No sé cómo están mis niños. (I don't know how my kids are.)
5. To expression a progressive situation, use estar..
  • ¿No estoy haciendo nada. (I'm not doing anything.)
  • ¿Qué estás jugando?  Fútbol? (What are you playing? Soccer?)
  • Ella está corriendo un maratón. (She is running a marathon.)
  • El tren está moviendo muy despacio. (The train is moving very slowly.)
6. When the verb is followed by a noun, use ser....
  • Yo soy médico. (I'm a doctor.)
  • Felipe es un actor. (Phillip is an actor.)
  • Creo que es un caballo. (I think it's a horse.)
  • Nosotros no somos esclavos. (We are not slaves.)
So, here's a quick review of today's lesson...

For the following situations....

  • Geographical or physical locations (except events taking place)
  • Expressing a condition of how some one is
  • Expressing a progressive situation
                                                                 ...use ESTAR
For the following situations....

  • Referring to a location where an event is taking place
  • Following the verb with a noun
                                                                 ...use SER

So, that's it for this week... those are some subtle differences that go a long way towards making some one sound very competent with the language.  Next week, we'll review the last two blogs and go over several examples, along with a quiz...

Friday, June 6, 2014

Ser vs. Estar: Round 1

Ser vs. Estar: Round 1 




One of the most common problems Spanish students face when learning the language is differentiating two major verbs: ser and estar.  They both mean "to be," but are obviously used very differently.  We'll be identifying their main differences - both the obvious and subtle ones - over the next three blogs.  

This blog entry explains the difference between the two verbs in regards to how they affect adjectives.  For help conjugating them (estoy, estás, está...), you can check out the chart at http://www.lingolex.com/ser/ser-estar-form.htm

Today, we'll (1) start with the simple rules concerning the main difference between the two verbs, (2) look at some example sentences, and (3) finish with a  look at a small list of adjectives that actually change meaning completely, depending on whether constructed with ser or estar.  

The Main Difference
When we use the verb "to be," something can be a condition (that is oftentimes temporary) - such as being sick, being tired and being quiet.  In contrast, we could use "to be" in order to refer to something that is an essential and permanent quality - being a quiet person, being mentally sick, being beautiful (not just for the moment, but in general).  This is the main difference between ser and estar.  

estar = [current] condition
ser = permanent quality

So, a simple way to see this difference is the use the same adjective and notice how the meaning changes...

adjective
estar
translation
ser
translation
enfermo/a
Juán está enfermo hoy.
Juan is sick today.
Juan es enfermo.
Juan is (mentally) sick.
verde
La fruta está verde.
The fruit is not yet ripe.
La fruta es verde.
The fruit is the color green (such as a kiwi-fruit).
callado/a
Eres muy callado hoy.
You’re being very quiet today.
Ella es una persona muy callada.
She is a very quiet person.
desconocido/a
Con estos lentes, estás desconocido.
You’re unrecognizable with those glasses.
Es desconocido.
He is unknown.  (a stranger)
hermoso/a
Estás hermosa.
You look beautiful.
Eres hermosa.
You are beautiful.

So, try to translate the following sentences into Spanish using either ser or estar
  • My friend is very quiet.
  • You are being stupid.
  • You are stupid.
  • She is pretty.
  • With those glasses, she looks pretty. 



Español
English
Mi maestro es muy aburrido.
My teacher is so boring.
Estoy aburrido.  No hay nada que hacer.
I’m bored.  There’s nothing to do.
Está despierto
He is awake
Ella es muy despierta.
She is a very alert person.
Estoy enojado.
I am angry.
Soy enojado.
I am an angry person.
  
Changing Meaning Completely

A limited number of adjectives change meaning drastically when the verb changes from ser to estar or vice-versa.  Here's the list:

ser
adjective
estar
to be clever
vivo
to be alive
to be clever/smart
listo
to be ready
to be rich
rico
to taste good
to be mean
malo
to be sick
to be interested
interesado/a
to be a mercenary

So, that's a basic idea of the main difference between the two verbs and how they can change the meaning of adjectives.  Unfortunately, the battle is not yet over and there are other key ideas such as motion, location, emotions and events that alter which verb to choose.  These ideas will continue to be covered in next week's blog - Ser vs. Estar: Round 2....